Polytheism Primer
Polytheism is the spiritual concept of worshiping more than one deity (more definitions of polytheism: wiki, dictionary.com, or webster's). There are more flavors of polytheism than it's really ever possible to know. Primative cultures often had gods or ancestors to honor for different needs of the community: safe travel, good harvest, fertility, rain. Many popular ancient structures are used in some form today. There are some groups who adhere only to the traditions of Celtic, Greek, Roman, Norse, or Scottish deities. Other groups prefer to draw from many resources to aide in their practice; this is commonly called eclectic.
Paganism is the large heading under which witchcraft, wicca, traditionalists, Native American spirituality, and many other spiritual systems fall (see other definitions: dictionary.com, wiki, webster's). There are very few things that all pagans have in common. Modern pagans include witches, druids, shamans, healers, diviners, and many others. The main thing that pagans have in common is their lack of interest in converting followers -- I personally believe that one of the steps in showing you're ready to learn from someone else is being able to use your resouces to find an appropriate teacher.
Witchcraft is the practice of working with specific energies to acheive desired results. As a witch, I use many available resources -- plants and herbs, oils and extracts, smoke, fire, chanting, energy, different deities, making music, dancing -- to manifest what I am looking for. Many pagans use witchcraft within their practice of paganism, and many others do not.
Wicca is a nature based religious structure that honors eight holidays throughout the year. Wiccans have a set of ethics and codes to live by that are unique to what they believe in. Many Wiccans include witchcraft as a part of their practice, but the two words are not to be confused (wiccan =/= witch). Wiccans sometimes use the Rede as their moral compass. This modern movement was initiated in the 20th century by Gerald Gardner in England, though Wicca today is not always as he envisioned it becoming.